Monthly Archives: November 2007

Quality v. Quantity

I had an appointment with my doctor the other day.  When I arrived several minutes before my scheduled appointment, I checked in and was told to take a seat.  I ended up waiting about a half an hour before the doctor was able to see me.

She was running late, but I didn’t mind.  I usually expect to wait at any doctor’s office.  However, the doctor seemed to be very aware of the time.  In addition to apologizing for the delay, she rushed through our appointment.  I attempted to explain some symptoms I was having, at which point she began examining me, cutting me off and asking additional questions.

At the end of the visit, the doctor indicated that she would be referring me to several specialists.  Not indicating when or how these appointments were to be made, or if I could take the time off to attend them, she again apologized for running behind and began calling out the next patient’s name.

I felt rushed, unsatisfied and brushed off.  I did not feel that the visit that I had just experienced was professional or patient focussed.  Instead, I felt that the amount of patients that revolved through the doors and at the scheduled time was more important the the individual patients’ needs and at the expense of proper medical care.

In reality, my doctor did nothing wrong.  When complaining of certain symptoms, she performed a brief exam and, not noticing anything immediate, decided to send me to a specialist. That is the way to avoid litigation and medical negligence.  However, I don’t believe this visit was up to the standard that I expect of a professional.  When I visit a professional, any professional, I don’t want to feel like a number.  I want to feel as if the service I am being provided is of the highest quality.

Having had this experience, I began thinking about our own profession and the services we are providing our patrons.

Crunching the numbers
We hear statements like “It takes too long”, “What’s the delay, the book has been ‘in cataloguing’ for a week”, and so on, all the time.  There are articles, presentations and professionals who are always expressing concern over the turnaround time for getting the items out and on the library shelves. Many times, the solutions for increasing turnaround time involve harvesting other libraries’ records, or cutting corners and creating smaller records while ignoring cataloguing rules.

Stats are important, I will never argue that point.  Stats keep us employed and give us factual information to point to when budget time rolls around (in addition to many other things).  However, as cataloguing stats are climbing, are we sacrificing quality?  As professionals, our obligation is to our patrons and the service we provide them.  We have a professional responsibility to provide accurate records with proper punctuation and spelling.  If the name of a book is spelled wrong and we just “trust” the copy, how will that item ever be found?  What if it is a downloadable book and there is no physical item?

In my library, while we try to copy catalogue whenever possible, it is essential that we review the records when cataloguing the item.  I have never found a record that is perfect when imported.  There are misspellings, punctuation errors and, at times, terms or phrases that we either don’t use in our library or do not apply in Canada.  An example of this goes back to my Indigenous Peoples v. Indians subject headings posting.

In the end, even if the book is on the shelf, are we doing any favours to patrons who exclusively use the catalogue?  Aren’t we setting an example that we are not capable of handling the digitalization of information but can only provide proper service through a physical visit to the library?  Statistics show that visits to the catalogue are continuously increasing, while physical visits are down.  Isn’t that a good argument as to why we should be maintaining our professional standards?

While numbers become increasingly more important to justify our existance, we continue to have a responsibility to our patrons.  That responsibility includes providing an exceptional service.  This exceptional service is reflected in the accuracy of our catalogue, the ability to properly find information in our catalogue and the continuous updating of reading lists and new items.

I don’t believe in the saying “good enough”.  If you are aware that your standards are dropping to increase productivity, a review of procedures must take place.  We are professionals, we do not work on an assembly line where the only thing that matters is how much we produced that day.

While stats are good and helpful, I worry that the same squeeky wheels who complain the loudest about our turnaround will soon begin to complain about our poor, inaccurate records.  These records, created at their request, will further add fuel to the fire when questioning the role of the cataloguer.  If the turnaround is too long, sacrifice quality.  If the quality is poor and no longer adheres to any standard practice, what do we need cataloguers for?  It is a never-ending cycle.

What do we do?
Market, market, market.  It’s not easy, but it can be done. Besides cataloguers, who knows what we do all day?  Do they understand that we create electronic reading lists?  Make decisions regarding terminology?  Develop search tutorials? Create new restrictions and settings to make searching the catalogue easier (for both staff and patrons)?  Catalogue DVDs, CDs, Books on tape, Electronic documents, Reference materials, Books and Magazines?  And, by the way, where do you find copy for local publications?

In the end, we cannot compromise our professional responsibility to suit the needs of front-line staff or whomever our critics are.  Justify the time it takes to catalogue to management and make them aware of all of the factors that are involved in cataloguing an item so that it can be found. Electronically.

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Permanently and significantly reduce cataloguing staff

There was a recent blog posting that I thought many of you would be interested in. It appears to be out of the library at Berkeley. Here is an excerpt:

Permanently and significantly reduce cataloguing staff. Now. Most cataloguing is superfluous; I am not going to defend the underlying proposition, as there have been numerous assaults already on this point. Original cataloguing – of which there will remain plenty – has an important role moving into the future. Copy cataloguing – the relentless duplication and continual iteration of obscure, underutilized metadata – is absurd. The majority of the useful and attractive metadata is easily obtained through both traditional (CIP) or newer (ONIX) data sources. Don’t worry about the rest. There’s enough richness in even the essential cataloguing data to do things far more compelling with search than we do now.

There are other costs beyond salaries at account here. One thing that libraries routinely do badly is to get books onto shelves quickly. Every book, seemingly, must be looked at, considered, and metaphorically if not physically measured. Natch. If you keep choose to keep buying books, get them into circulation.

Many of Mr. Brantley’s ideas are a bit radical, although I respect his position that libraries are headed for change. I’m reminded of those who said computers would signify the beginning of a paperless society.

I hope all of you will compare Mr. Brantley’s comments with LAC’s response to one of my postings. LAC wrote, when referring to the growing amount of digital information and libraries:

These new methods clearly do not negate the need for cataloguing, but in fact support and reinforce the ongoing need for effective description of documents for access. It is my belief that the pressing need to organize the mass of information on the web will see cataloguing taking on even greater importance and this skill set will indeed be in high demand.

Please take the time to consider both of these points of view. I see our positions in libraries growing and expanding. I have come to that conclusion based on what I am seeing in the business world. More companies, including law firms and insurance companies, are relying on information specialists to organize and catalogue their information. They rely more heavily on databases, in-house classification systems and retrieval methods.

I seriously hope that public libraries don’t miss the mark and overlook our value while the business world is only just starting to realize the incredible asset libraries have always had.

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Webcast available from LC

For those of you who are interested, LC released the webcast for the Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control.

I haven’t had the opportunity to watch it yet, but I’m looking forward to seeing what they have to say.

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Future of Bibliographic Control – Draft Report

As most of you know, the Working Group for the Future of Bibliographic Control held their live Webcast on November 13, 2007. Contrary to my post of November 13, 2007, their archived Webcast is not currently available, but will be made available shortly. I’ll keep you posted in this regard.

Also, the comment period on their draft report was supposed to last until December 15, 2007. However, LC has now announced that the draft report will be made available November 30, 2007. Mark your calendars!

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Goodbye books, hello digitalization

Here’s an article from the Globe and Mail, a major Canadian newspaper, that I think you’ll find interesting.  A colleague of mine recommended it.  The fact that university libraries are moving toward digitalization and electronic information and away from books is something we, as cataloguers, need to take seriously.  Unlike a book that can be found even if it has been catalogued poorly, electronic information will be virtually impossible to retrieve without our expertise. 

The article,  Bringing the reading room into the digital age: Universities are changing the role of their libraries and how they deliver information, is written by Elizabeth Church and appeared in the November 10, 2007 Technology section.

Please let me know if you cannot retrieve the article, and I will send you the text via email.

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The Internet v. The Catalogue

I have recently noticed more and more articles about cataloguing and cataloguers in our professional journals.  I’ve been surprised and pleased by the growing interest and debate about cataloguing.  While some articles are not favourable to our area of expertise, they at least bring the debates and concerns forward. 

I was very interested in an article I read today by Martha Yee, Cataloguing Supervisor at the University of California at Los Angeles’s Film and Television Archive.  Her article, “Will the Response of the Library Profession to the Internet be Self-Immolation?” is in the Number 144 Issue of The U*N*A*B*A*S*H*E*D Librarian (USISBN 0049-514X).

In her article, she eloquently expresses a point which I firmly believe “…library leaders have forgotten, or never knew, the fact that expertise in organization of information is at the core of the profession of librarianship. Because of their blindness to the nature of our profession, we are now in danger of losing not just standardized cataloguing records and the Library of Congress Subject Headings, but the profession itself.”

 Although I do not believe we are on our way out the door yet, I am convinced that we need to remain proactive in the marketing of our profession.  

Ms. Yee directs the reader to several sources which should be read and reflected upon.  She urges readers to read Calhoun’s report The Changing Nature of the Catalog and its Integration with Other Discovery Tools and to follow the progress of the Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control.  I also urge you to look at these resources.  Some of you are probably aware that the Working Group broadcasted their report today, and it is now available as a live webcast from their site.

Throughout this article is an argument that all cataloguers are intimately aware of.  Google and Amazon v. The Library Catalogue. We have been born out of a need to provide free access to information.  All information.  Google and Amazon have been and always will be providing limited information for a price.   Ms. Yee does a very good job of exploring this argument.

Not wishing to debate Ms. Yee because I do encourage you to read this article, but not completely agreeing with her, she appears to blame our primarily women-dominated profession on our low self-esteem.  First, I’m not convinced we suffer from low self-esteem. I also don’t necessarily believe that our gender is the issue.  I believe it is more of a personality type.  I know very strong women in this profession.  I also know very strong men in this profession.  I think pointing to our lack of training in the finer points of business and marketing, our common trait of generally being introverted and our desire to assist and accomodate the public may play a larger role than gender.

Overall, however, I believe that all of you should seek out this edition of The U*N*A*B*A*S*H*E*D Librarian.  There is also an article called “Bookstores and Libraries: Compare at Your Peril” that is a very good read.

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Cataloguing Graphic Novels and Graphic Non-Fiction, Part II

Given that it’s a beautiful, sunny Friday before a long weekend ( at least in Canada), this is going to be a bit of an “light” posting.

As promised, here is the second part of the Graphic Novels posting that deals with cataloguing Graphic Novels vs. Graphic Non-Fiction. The first part was posted on October 24, 2007 and deals specifically with the 655 genre fields. Today’s topic deals with the 650 subject heading fields.

Using 650s created quite a bit of discussion in our department. How do patrons search and look for graphic fiction and non-fiction? To what extent are subject headings important given our use of 655s?

In the end, it was decided that adults and YA tend to look for their graphic items by artist, type (ie. Manga) or genre. In general, they do not need numerous subject access points. As a result, when cataloguing graphic novels and non-fiction for A and YA, we use a limited about of subject headings or exclude subject headings. This will be left to the discretion of the cataloguer.

It was also decided that for all J Graphic novels, we would follow the general practice of cataloguing children’s materials: more is better. In addition, we wanted to adhere to our existing cataloguing rules for children’s materials, as they are accustomed to searching by subject. These items tend to have themes throughout and as a result, the use of subject headings is freely used.

Below is our cataloguing outline for use of the 650 in cataloguing these items.
_______________________________________________________________

Graphic Novels (Fiction)
Classification number: 741.5

650 Subject Headings
Apply subject headings when appropriate. If the novel does not have one or two main themes (I.e. WWII), subject headings should be avoided.

When cataloguing Juvenile Graphic Novels, assign more subject headings as is the practice when cataloguing all J materials.

When using subject headings, they should be divided by $vComic books, stips, etc.

Example:
650 _ 0 $aSchool $vComic books, strips, etc.

DO NOT ADD $vFiction OR $vJuvenile fiction

Graphic Non-Fiction
Assign classification numbers as it relates to the content, the same as we do for regular non-fiction.

650 Subject Headings
Add subject headings when appropriate. Follow the rules for cataloguing regular non-fiction. However, the subject heading should be subdivided by $v Comic books, strips, etc.

Example:
650 _0 $aWorld War, 1939-1945 $vComic books, strips, etc.

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Coming out from behind the catalogue: Cataloguers and Readers’ Services

When I think of cataloguing, I typically conjure up images of the old card catalogues or online catalogues. I think of organizing information and creating access to that information through some type of format for patrons to refer to.

There is an image that cataloguers are the behind-the-scenes choreographers of the library. Not a bad image, however that leads “public service” staff to view us as detached, and removed from what is going on in the library. To them, we are out of touch and out-dated. I am not satisfied with the image that we are separate and apart from “public service”. Cataloguing is a public service and therefore, cataloguers are “public service” staff. I prefer to call those staff members who deal with patrons on a daily basis “front-line” staff, if any distinction is required.

In considering ourselves as public service staff, I have come to the conclusion that our responsibilities should extend beyond the traditional confines of a catalogue.

Because we appear to be chained to our catalogues, there seems to be an overriding sense that we can’t organize and provide access to information beyond AACR2 or MARC. I do not believe this. Cataloguers did not always have AACR2 or MARC, what they had were organizational skills and foresight.

While I frequently find that front-line staff operate in the “now”, cataloguers tend to look at future implications that include new technologies, demographic shifts, collection changes and impact on resources. That is not to say that front-line staff are careless, but they tend to think “what is good for the patron today?”. The problem with this is that many staff members don’t think about the patrons’ needs of tomorrow and the impact that has on all that goes on behind the scenes. They’ll deal with tomorrow when it comes.

Of course I am generalizing, but this argument needs to be considered. Should cataloguers’ expertise be expanded to areas outside of “cataloguing”? Should we become more involved in readers’ services? Aren’t we already integral to the development and promotion of readers’ services? Should we be taking it one step further?

How do patrons browse in our libraries? Do they browse? What collections do they browse? We have spent our careers understanding how patrons search the library – through the catalogue. We should start exploring how they fulfill their information needs without the use of a catalogue. Taking our experiences and skills “on the road” can potentially provide us with new ways to utilize our knowledge and help patrons who don’t use the catalogue. It will also allow us to assist front-line staff in organizing collections to enhance browseable access for these “ghost” patrons.

There are considerations to be made when increasing browsing access to a collection. Does the library want to become more like a bookstore or video store and less like a library? What is the long term impact? Will the collection be changing? Will all of the libraries follow the same browsing format, or will each library decide how they want to shelve independently? What terms should we use for signage?

When thinking of browsing access, I immediately think DVD collections. DVDs are in “hard copy” format today, but soon they will become downloadable, as audio books are. We have to balance “browsing access” today, with thought to future, electronic access tomorrow. How do you do that?

I don’t have the answers. However, I do believe that partnering with “front-line” staff to find solutions to in-house library access is important. While front-line staff know patrons, we understand the collection and how to organize it, no matter the format.

Sometimes I feel that the divide between front-line staff and cataloguers is growing. It’s an “us versus them” mentality. I don’t think staff fully understand what we do or the skills we have to share. And, I don’t believe that we’ve done all we can to inform them. I urge cataloguers to sit on committees and become involved in projects with front-line staff. I don’t believe our skills are confined to the catalogue.

Cataloguers should be considered desirable assets to any readers’ services team. Readers’ services is no longer just about recommending books, and cataloguing is no longer just about, well, cataloguing.

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LAC’s response to my October 29th post

Ms. Tarulli,

Thank you for writing to [the presenter] about your reaction to the presentation on Oct. 25th. I have reviewed the Powerpoint presentation and I support the material as it was presented. Nevertheless, as I was not in attendance, I do understand that sometimes messages can be interpreted in different ways. What may have been misinterpreted was the [presenter’s] reference to the importance for the library profession to re-evaluate its
role in light of digital publishing.

It is important to inform you that Library and Archives Canada continues to value and support the cataloguing function and those who perform it, as it does all others in the field of librarianship. At the same time, we do recognize that the approach to all facets of our work is changing in light of new technologies. For example, in the case of digital publications, new workflows are being developed that may result in acquisitions and cataloguing functions sometimes occurring simultaneously. As well, we are interested in finding new paradigms for supporting the catalogue function, such as incorporation of metadata supplied by publishers or others. These new methods clearly do not negate the need for cataloguing, but in fact support and reinforce the ongoing need for effective description of documents for access. It is my belief that the pressing need to organize the mass of information on the web will see cataloguing taking on even greater importance and this skill set will indeed be in high demand.

Again, thank you for expressing your views and allowing us to respond.

Library and Archives Canada
/ Bibliothèque et Archives Canada

*The reproduction of this email has been posted with the permission of Library and Archives Canada.

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Professional Development

Sometimes it’s hard to set aside the time and money to attend library conferences or workshops.  However, there are some great FREE resources on the internet that we should all be taking advantage of.

The SirsiDynix Institute often offers online “webinars” for professional development.  I have attended several and found them very useful and interesting.  These webinars focus on a variety of topics, including publishing in the profession, Library 2.0 and users’ perceptions in using the library.

After the webinar, SirsiDynix posts the presentations and provides downloadable podcasts and the audio.  I highly recommend it.

Online Progamming for All Libraries (OPAL) is another professional development resource. I have not yet taken advantage of their online courses and seminars, but I know several colleagues of mine have.  They speak very highly of their experiences.

I urge everyone to check these resources out.

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